Cavity quantum electrodynamics a new generation of experiments shows that spontaneous radiation from excited atoms can be greatly suppressed or enhanced by. Ideality in a fibertapercoupled microresonator system for application to cavity quantum electrodynamics s. More specifically, the cavity can be prepared so that the atom is detected in a desired state. In experiments related to cavity quantum electrodynamics qed, it is required to deal with three important parameters governing the atomfield dynamics, which are the atomfield coupling strength g, the radiative decay rate of the atom.
Many of the current efforts to control the dynamics of individual quantum systems take place within the setting of cavity quantum electrodynamics qed. Northholland physics reports experiments on cavity quantum electrodynamics h. Cavity quantum electrodynamics with a single quantum dot. This phononmatter resonance is shown to enter the strongly coupled regime where the vacuum rabi. Phonitons as a soundbased analogue of cavity quantum. In addition to demonstrating dramatic changes in spontaneous emission, cavity qed has led to the creation of new kinds of microscopic masers that operate with a single atom and a few photons or with photons emitted in pairs in a twophoton. Circuit quantum electrodynamics circuit qed provides a means of studying the fundamental interaction between light and matter quantum optics. Such solidstate cavity quantum electrodynamics qed systems can be used for the scalable implementation of quantum information processing devices, but in order to do that it is important to observe the coherent interaction between the qd and a laser. Molecular quantum electrodynamics in the heisenberg. The modeling is shown to be a powerful tool to obtain the properties of the spin ensembles coupled to a resonator. Qed is a relativistic theory in that albert einsteins theory of special relativity is built into each of its equations. Strong coupling of a single photon to a superconducting. The level of presentation is suitable for the advanced graduate student and research.
Watson laboratory of applied physics, california institute of technology, pasadena, california 91125, usa received december 2002. Roomtemperature cavity quantum electrodynamics with. In contrast to cavity qed, the photon is stored in a onedimensional onchip resonator and the quantum. Post huygenskamerlingh onnes laboratory, leiden university p. He is a member of the following eufunded ist projects. In recent years, cavity experiments have also been conducted on a variety of solidstate systems resulting in many.
Cavity quantum electrodynamics for superconducting. Quantum information processing and communication in europe. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Quantum electrodynamics from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia quantum electrodynamics qed is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. Cavityquantum electrodynamics using a single inas quantum. Cavity quantum electrodynamics scientific american. Photon trapping in cavity quantum electrodynamics g. We investigate cavityquantum electrodynamics qed effects in an allsemiconductor nanostructure by tuning a single selfassembled inas quantum dot qd into resonance with a high quality factor m.
Basics of cavity quantum electrodynamics springerlink. An introduction to quantum computing using cavity qed concepts. We then discuss certain aspects of cavity quantum electrodynamics qed which studies the behavior of an atom interacting with the cavity field. Quantum efficiency of singlephoton sources in the cavity. Optimal conditions for a high quantum efficiency and a temporally localized photon emission rate are examined. We present a general framework for cavity quantum electrodynamics with strongly frequencydependent mirrors. Qed mathematically describes all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of. To conclude, this system, which was recently used to demonstrate a solidstate roomtemperature maser, 19,20,23 also shows promise as a platform for exploring cavity quantum electrodynamics, spin. Feynman quantum electrodynamics w a benjamin 1961 acrobat 7 pdf 7.
We first derive the master equation, the fokkerplanck equation and the heisenberglangevin equations of motion for the cavity field. Bichromatic driving of a solidstate cavity quantum. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Kimble, structure and dynamics in cavity quantum electrodynamics. Structural aspects of the atomcavity system 212 iv. Salamab adepartment of chemistry, wake forest university, winstonsalem, nc 271097486, usa. It could in principle be used to construct a quantum computer. Cavity quantum electrodynamics cavity qed is the study of the interaction between light confined in a reflective cavity and atoms or other particles, under conditions where the quantum nature of light photons is significant.
Semiconductor cavity quantum electrodynamics springer. Cavity qed with strong coupling toward the deterministic. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is achieved. Qubits, qgates, quest, conquest gerhard rempe gerhard rempe is working at the maxplanck institute for quantum optics in garching, germany. Structure and dynamics in cavity quantum electrodynamics h. In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics qed is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. Their quirks illustrate some of the principles of quantum physics and make. Cavity quantum electrodynamics with quantum interference.
Les houches 2003 2 quantum information and cavity qed principle of cavity qed experiments. As in the field of cavity quantum electrodynamics, a single photon within a single mode cavity coherently couples to a quantum object atom. Modern circuit and cavity quantum electrodynamics illuminate the most fundamental aspects of coherence and decoherence in quantum physics, where experiments with resonators can be described by elementary theoretical models and, yet, reveal intriguing aspects of reversible and dissipative quantum. Quantum electrodynamics qed, quantum field theory of the interactions of charged particles with the electromagnetic field. We present a concise but complete conceptual treatment of quantum computing implemented with cavity quantum electrodynamics cqed.
The method is applicable to a variety of reflectors exhibiting sharp internal. Molecular quantum electrodynamics in the heisenberg picture. A quantum mechanical superposition of a longlived, localized phonon and a matter excitation is described. Atoms and photons in small cavities behave completely unlike those in free space. Ideality in a fibertapercoupled microresonator system. Box 9500, 2300 ra leiden, the netherlands september 22, 2016 abstract a cavity quantum electrodynamics system consisting of quantum dots in a micropillar cavity may form an essential building block for the cre. Dynamical processes for the atomcavity system 233 v. Cavity quantum electrodynamics for superconducting electrical circuits. A brief introduction of the systems is followed by an approach of the more striking effects, leading towards ramsey interferometry and quantum nondemolition measurements as.
Such systems benefit from the collective enhancement of the interaction strength, while keeping the relaxation properties of a single emitter. Schoelkopf1 1departments of physics and applied physics, yale university, new haven, connecticut 06520, usa 2department of physics, indiana university, bloomington, indiana 47405, usa. The radiative properties of the electronhole pairs and excitons are modified owing to the drastic change in the structure of the electromagneticfield modes. Experiments on cavity quantum electrodynamics sciencedirect. Structural aspects of the atom cavity system 212 iv. Hinds, perturbative cavity quantum electrodynamics. This book is the first to give a comprehensive account of the theory of semiconductor cavity quantum electrodynamics for such systems in the weakcoupling and strongcoupling regimes. An architecture for quantum computation alexandre blais,1 renshou huang,1,2 andreas wallraff,1 s. Ginzton laboratory, stanford university, stanford, california 94305,usa received 30 january 2012. Quantum electrodynamics quantum theory qed of electromagnetic interactions classical electromagnetism forces arise from potentials vr act instantaneously at a distance qed picture forces described by exchange of virtual field quanta photons matrix element full derivation in 2nd order perturbation theory gives propagator term 1q2m2. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is. An analytical expression for the quantum efficiency is obtained in the weisskopfwigner approximation. Introduction to quantum electrodynamics peter presnajder.
It describes mathematically not only all interactions of light with matter but also those of charged particles with one another. Dynamical processes for the atom cavity system 233 v. This demonstration allows you to investigate rabi doublets in the cavityquantum electrodynamics regime for boson emitters. In atomic cavity quantum electrodynamics qed, an isolated atom with electric dipole moment d interacts with the vacuum state electric field e 0 of a cavity. With recent developments in optical cavity qed pioneered in the quantum optics group at caltech, optical physics has progressed to a domain wherein processes are driven by single atoms interacting with optical fields with average energy corresponding to much less than one photon. Strong versus weak coupling for open quantum systems 205 iii. Cavity quantum electrodynamics our research activity focuses on the manipulation of rydberg atoms in three different experimental configurations. Introduction to quantum electrodynamics peter presnajder these are lecture notes devoted to introductory chapters of quantum electrodynamics qed. Agarwal1 and yifu zhu2 1department of physics, oklahoma state university, stillwater, oklahoma 74078, usa 2department of physics, florida international university, miami, florida 33199, usa we propose and analyze a scheme for photon trapping in an optical resonator coupled with twolevel atoms. Discussion 257 references 263 one electron in a cavity g. Their spectral line is shown with the emitted intensity on the axis as a function of the energy or frequency relative to the bare cavity energy, on the axis. A quick introduction to the strong coupling regime of. Raimond, manipulation of nonclassical field states in a cavity by atom interferometry.